情态动词
最近几年高考试题中常常借助语境来考查情态动词的基本用法及其区别,因此在平时学习时准确理解和掌握情态动词的基本用法十分重要。情态动词的用法复杂多变,在高考试题中,命题者常常利用语境和句子之间意义上的细微差别来考查学生对情态动词的理解和掌握。对于情态动词,除了要求考生能够准确掌握它们的基本用法外,还要充分利用高考试题所设置的语境来分析句子之间所体现的特殊关系。现就高一英语中涉及到的情态动词做一简单的总结。
(一)情态动词的含义:
情态动词表示说话人对某一动作或状态的的态度,认为“可能”,“应当”,“必要”等。
情态动词不能单独作谓语,必须和不带to的动词不定式连用。情态动词没有人称和数的变化。
(二)几种主要的情态动词:
1. 表示可能的情态动词: may, might, could , can, must,
(1)may , might, could 都可以用来表示可能性,意思是“可能”,“也许”,它既表示现在的可能性,也表示将来的可能性:
They may be waiting at the station.
You’d better take an umbrella. It might rain tonight.
The phone is ringing. It could be Tim.
I haven’t decided where to spend my holidays. I may go to Ireland.
The bus doesn’t always come on time. We might have to wait a few minutes.
它们的否定形式是:
may not, might not 意思是 “可能不”
I’m not sure whether I can lend you any money. I may not have enough money.
It might not be true.
Ann may not come to the party tonight. She isn’t well.
(2)may, might, could 后面接 have done 的形式,表示一种过去的可能性,是对过去动作的推测。
He may have left yesterday.
——I wonder why he was in such a bad mood yesterday.